A novel corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak: review article
Authors
Abstract:
In 2019 a newly emerged coronavirus was detected by the Center for disease control (CDC) in China. Nucleic acid sequencing from nose and throat swab samples of patients revealed that it was like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). World Health Organization (WHO) named it coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and reported more than 100000 positive tests until March 2020 for COVID-19. During the past 20 years, the world has been affected by three coronavirus epidemics, SARS-COV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and COVID-19 that make world attention. The mortality rate of COVID-19 was more than other coronaviruses, but because of more people affected by it, it seems that it has a less fatality rate compared with MERS- CoV. Initial data showed that more than 80% of patients did not have any symptoms or may had light symptoms. 15% showed severe pneumonia, 5% became critically ill, and developed multiorgan dysfunction and septic shock. Due to the epidemic of emerging viruses and the lack of information about it, this study aimed to provide a quick overview of the most recent studies in the world. To perform this review, keywords such as COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 were retrieved using the medical subject headings (MeSH) system and then searched in English in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. COVID-19 virus enters its genome into the cells by binding to Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in some organs such as the lungs. Although the transmission route is unclear, it enters the body through respiratory droplets. The clinical symptoms includ fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, confusion, headache, sore throat, rhinorrhea, chest pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, malaise, and convulsion. The standard diagnostic method is Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), but due to the time-consuming and sensitivity and the existing errors in this technique, chest CT and hematologic data are preferred. No definitive cure for the virus has been suggested so far, but antiviral drugs such as Oseltamivir, Ganciclovir, Lopinavir, Ritonavir and Remdesivir, and the anti-malarial drug Chloroquine phosphate and Interferon are in use until the discovery of the vaccine.
similar resources
Exercise Considerations during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Narrative Review
The widespread outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) worldwide has raised concerns about physical activity and exercise. A review of research on physical training and viral infections shows that regular, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (65-80% VO2max) increases antibody titers, lymphocyte proliferation, gamma interferon, immunoglobulin M, G, and natural killer cells production. It modulates th...
full textCutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: review article
COVID-19 was announced pandemic by March 2020. Due to the high prevalence of the disease and its staggering spread, it is very important to identify various manifestations of this viral infection. The aim of this study is to review published articles about cutaneous involvement of COVID-19 disease. Cutaneous manifestations are rare in COVID-19 disease and it is essential to recognize these po...
full textGastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19: a review article in adults
Background and Aim: Although COVID-19 patients typically present with respiratory symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, and bilateral pulmonary infiltration, there have been numerous reports of gastrointestinal manifestations such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and abdominal pain in these patients. The aim of this study was to review the gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients...
full textA Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)
There is a new public health crises threatening the world with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through yet unknown intermediary animals in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower ...
full textUnderstanding the 2019-novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Based on Available Evidence - A Review Study
Since December 2019, a new coronavirus, called the 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), triggers pneumonia outbreak from Wuhan (Huanan seafood market) across China, which now poses major health threats to public health. The Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic by 2019-nCoV is spreading worldwide, and by March 1, 2020, 67 countries, including Iran, have been affected. According to worldw...
full textA Review of Pharmacotherapy for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
The epidemic of COVID-19 and its associated acute respiratory syndrome has posed an unprecedented challenge in identifying effective drugs to prevent and treat it. Due to the high prevalence of this disease and the high number of people at risk, medical staff needs accurate evidence regarding effective drug treatments for this infection. There is currently no effective treatment for COVID-19. B...
full textMy Resources
Journal title
volume 78 issue 12
pages 790- 795
publication date 2021-03
By following a journal you will be notified via email when a new issue of this journal is published.
Hosted on Doprax cloud platform doprax.com
copyright © 2015-2023